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目的:观察核心力量训练对腰椎间盘突出症大学生康复疗效.方法:选择我校腰椎间盘突出症大学生对照组18例和实验组18例.实验组进行核心力量训炼,对照组进行八段锦训炼.分别于实验前、实验8周后用下腰痛量表(JOA)和ME6000表面肌电测试仪(sEMG)对两组受试者进行康复评定.结果:两组受试者实验后JOA、sEMG指标均较治疗前明显改善(P＜0.05),实验组JOA、sEMG指标改善幅度明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:核心力量训练可提高腰椎间盘突出症大学生腰椎功能、椎旁肌肉力量和抗疲劳能力,可作为腰椎间盘突出症运动康复的一种重要方法. 相似文献
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运用电刺激技术对散打运动员进行电刺激训练,以探讨电刺激对散打运动员下肢力量及鞭腿的影响。30名男性散打运动员随机分成对照组(15人)和实验组(15人),对照组和实验组执行正常的散打训练计划,实验组另附加每天1小时电刺激,共10周。结果表明:实验后,对照组和实验组所有指标均有显著变化(对照组p<0.05;实验组屈p<0.01,伸p<0.001,深蹲p<0.05,后鞭腿力量p<0.01,终速度p<0.05,15秒连击p<0.001)。实验组所有指标显著高于对照组(屈p<0.05,伸p<0.01,深蹲p<0.05,后鞭腿力量p<0.05,终速度p<0.05,15秒连击p<0.01)。结论:电刺激训练能显著提高散打运动员下肢力量,改善鞭腿效果,建议在散打传统力量训练的基础上可适当安排电刺激训练。 相似文献
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目的：观察保守方式治疗慢性非特异性下腰痛的疗效。方法：将受试者分为实验组和对照组,实验组干预方案包括针刀松解、腰部斜扳法、核心肌群训练,对照组干预方案包括手法推拿、牵引床牵引及八段锦功法练习。结果：实验组和对照组的VAS评分和ODI指数实验前后的t检验均显示具有高度显著性差异（P<0.01）;腰椎主动关节活动度（AROM）方面,实验组的配对t检验均无显著性差异（P>0.05）;对照组实验前后的t检验,除侧屈具有显著性差异（P<0.05）外,屈伸和旋转均无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论：在下腰痛的干预中,实验组和对照组实验方案均可以有效改善患者的疼痛和日常生活能力;但对于改善腰椎主动关节活动度屈伸、旋转效果均不明显,对照组的实验方案在改善侧屈腰椎主动关节活动度方面优于实验组。 相似文献
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赵梦园 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(1):167-168
目的:探讨普拉提运动对慢性非特异性颈痛患者的影响。方法:42名符合条件的受试者被随机分置于实验组(n=21),给予每周3次,为期6周的普拉提干预,对照组(n=21)不进行任何干预,实验前和实验结束后24h内进行相关指标的测量。结果:疼痛指标两组具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),实验组疼痛下降明显;功能障碍指数组间具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);SF-36中对身体疼痛和精力的影响组间具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),生理机能、生理职能、一般健康状况、社会功能、情感职能、心理健康方面具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:普拉提运动对慢性非特异性颈痛患者的治疗具有积极疗效。 相似文献
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目的:探讨Hatha瑜伽对非特异性下腰痛患者康复的影响.方法:将60例NLBP患者随机均分为实验组和对照组.实验组采用Hatha瑜伽康复治疗,对照组采用走罐康复治疗.以Roland-Morris功能障碍调查(RMDQ)、疼痛程度视觉模拟量尺(VAS)、腰背肌耐力、腰椎关节活动度为测评依据,对患者治疗前、治疗6周、停止治疗6个月后的测定指数进行测评.结果:1)治疗6周后,实验组和对照组Roland-Morris评分和VAS评分较治疗前均显著下降(P<0.01),实验组显著低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组腰背肌耐力和腰椎关节活动度较治疗前均显著上升(P<0.01),对照组耐力和活动度无明显差异(P>0.05).2)停止治疗6个月后,两组组内各项指标停治前后比较,实验组差异不显著(P>0.05),对照组VAS和RMDQ评分明显上升(P<0.05),肌耐力和关节活动度无明显变化(P>0.05).结论:Hatha瑜伽、走罐治疗均能不同程度的减缓NLBP患者的疼痛.Hatha瑜伽作用优于走罐治疗,在停治一段时间后,瑜伽更能维持疗效,抑制复发,效果优于走罐治疗. 相似文献
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目的:探讨悬吊训练法(SET)对运动性腰损伤患者的临床疗效。方法:将运动性腰损伤患者分为对照组和实验组,对照组采用传统推拿手法结合腰腹肌训练治疗,实验组采用推拿手法结合SET治疗。结果:治疗后比较发现,两组患者JOA评分及等速肌力测试均有改善,组内差异均具有显著性意义(P<0.05);组间差异,JOA评分实验组明显优于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05);两组患者疗效比较,显效率实验组优于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:SET治疗腰部运动损伤疗效确切,方法简便易行,值得推广应用。 相似文献
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为研究探索六周的悬吊训练对散打运动员下肢爆发力和平衡能力等基本素质的影响,把受试者分为实验组和对照组每组各10名,实施六周的悬吊训练方案,对照组进行和实验组同等强度的力量练习,训练前后分别测试单腿跳远和立定跳远成绩、平衡能力指数,对训练前后与组间各数据进行统计分析。结果发现实验组与对照组训练后与之前相比单腿跳远成绩都有提高,但实验组更明显;立定跳远成绩只有实验组明显提高,对照组没有显著性差异;实验组与对照组训练后平衡能力都有明显提高,但是实验组提高更为明显。结论是：悬吊训练可以明显提高散打运动员的核心力量和核心稳定性．增加下肢速度、爆发力和平衡能力,改善了神经肌肉控制能力、肌肉协调能力,改善提高了技术动作完成的质量,身体素质得到明显提高。 相似文献
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目的:了解6个月非药物健康干预对民航飞行员生理健康状况的影响。方法:对实验组受试者进行以营养和运动干预为主的非药物健康干预,6个月后收集实验前后实验组生理健康相关指标的数据,通过t检验分析受试者实验前后的变化。结果:(1)干预前后,12名民航飞行员的腰围出现显著下降,差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),体重和BMI均下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)干预前后,12名民航飞行员HDL-C提高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)通过干预飞行员的血尿酸下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)干预前后安静心率下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(5)干预前后收缩压出现显著下降,差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);(6)舒张压差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:以营养和运动干预为主的非药物健康干预手段对民航飞行员的健康改善具有促进作用。 相似文献
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目的:探讨太极拳桩功训练对久坐人群(如教师、司机、文职人员)腰椎疾病的康复效果.方法:将60名30～45岁有轻度腰椎疾病的患者随机分为A、B两组,其中A组为实验组,进行太极拳桩功训练;B组为对照组,进行常规物理理疗治疗,实验时间为2个月.结果:两组患者腰椎疾病都有改善,但实验组腰椎疾病的改善比对照组明显,且具有显著性差异(p＜0.05).结论:太极拳桩功训练对腰椎疾病的康复治疗具有显著效果. 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献