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1.
大学生运动员赛前状态焦虑强度与方向实验研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
运动焦虑反应的强度和方向性的综合性研究是现代竞赛焦虑研究的流行领域。我国对竞赛焦虑的强度与任务特征，运动成绩之间关系的研究较多，对赛前焦虑的方向性研究则刚刚开始。该研究采用琼斯和斯万修订的CSAI－2量表，在赛前对大学生运动员进行测试。研究表明，不同学历，性别。年级的运动员赛前焦虑反应的强度和方向性存在差异；焦虑反应的方向性比强度能更好地预测运动成绩，在对运动焦虑的解释方面更有价值。 相似文献
2.
《西安体育学院学报》2016,(2)
研究采用运动员意志品质量表和竞赛状态焦虑量表对参加全国U-16青少年网球排名赛的运动员进行测量。对数据进行t检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析和回归分析,结果表明:(1)U-16青少年网球运动员意志品质整体水平较好,认知状态焦虑的得分略高。(2)意志品质总分及各维度不存在年龄、运动等级的差异,坚韧性维度有性别差异。竞赛状态焦虑总分及各维度有年龄、运动等级差异,且状态自信心还存在性别差异。(3)意志品质总分及独立性、坚韧性与认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑负相关,与状态自信心正相关。(4)在预测竞赛状态焦虑总体情况时,进入回归方程的显著变量有两个,即坚韧性和独立性,两个变量可显著地预测竞赛状态焦虑水平,且坚韧性和独立性每增加1个分,状态焦虑水平则增加0.20和0.25分。竞赛状态焦虑的总体情况中,有18.7%的方差可以由这两个因子进行解释。 相似文献
3.
本研究通过使用CSAI－2问卷及SEEs量表,测定了44名大学生考1000米前的状态焦虑强度和方向,以及赛后的心理反应。结果发现：①认知状态焦虑与躯体状态焦虑强度对所测大学生1000M跑考试的成绩有一定影响;②自信心与所测大学生1000M跑考试的成绩存在相关;③1000M跑有助于提高大学生积极的心理健康,不论成绩好、坏;④不同考试等级组被试的状态焦虑反应不仅在强度上、而且在方向上均有显著性差异,成绩差的组比成绩好的组有明显高的状态焦虑程度,并且更把状态焦虑评价为对成绩有消极的影响;⑤焦虑对运动成绩并不总是有消极的影响,有的大学生是把它认知为对成绩是有积极作用的。建议广大的体育教师应重视对大学生考长跑前状态焦虑水平的调整,并使他们对自己的状态焦虑反应有积极的评价。 相似文献
4.
采用心理测量法、实验法和数理统计法,对大学生篮球运动员运用积极自我暗示语进行了实验研究,结果发现：实验后实验班与对照班之间在认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑和状态自信心维度上差异显著,实验班与对照班除身体状况维度外在身体自我价值感主量表、运动能力、身体素质、身体吸引力维度上均存在显著差异;实验班与对照班的运动成绩优于对照班且差异显著。大学生篮球运动员运用积极自我暗示语能降低竞赛状态焦虑、提升身体自尊,并提高运动成绩。 相似文献
5.
运用访问调查、问卷调查研究方法对我国青少年足球运动员竞赛状态焦虑、运动动机和应对方式的关系进行了研究。结果表明:进入梯队年限短的青少年足球运动员在认知状态焦虑和躯体状态焦虑平均分低于年长的运动员,在状态自信心上相反;运动动机的认同调节和内投调节维度上存在非常显著性差异和显著性差异;在应对方式的集中解决问题的应对维度上存在显著性差异。3个年龄段竞赛状态焦虑上没有显著性差异;在运动动机的认同调节和内投调节两个维度上存在显著性差异;在应对方式上无显著性差异。不同运动等级青少年足球运动员的竞赛状态焦虑、运动动机、应对方式均无显著性差异。 相似文献
6.
通过对中国优秀武术套路运动员关于竞赛状态焦虑的问题进行问卷和现场调研,结果表明：1）不同训练年限、不同运动等级的运动员在认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心上具有显著性差异;2）运动员得分与认知状态焦虑有显著负相关性、与状态自信心呈正相关、与躯体状态焦虑呈倒U关系;3）通过探索分析得出赛前预测运动成绩好坏的客观指标。以期为教练员在训练及比赛中高效处理优秀武术运动员的竞赛状态焦虑提供参考。 相似文献
7.
为探讨我国田径运动员的认知风格、竞赛焦虑特征与竞技水平发挥的关系,采用镶嵌图形测验和竞赛状态焦虑问卷的方法,对我国15个省、市优秀田径运动员93人进行调查。结果显示:①我国优秀田径运动员有场依存者和场独立者,个体差异情况较大;田径运动员认知状态焦虑低于田径常模、躯体状态焦虑显著低于常模,状态自信心显著高于常模,场独立运动员躯体状态焦虑显著高于场依存运动员,认知状态焦虑更低而状态自信心更高。②认知风格与认知状态焦虑显著负相关,与躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心正相关,认知风格是影响认知状态焦虑的一个主因素。③两种认知风格运动员与竞技水平发挥率负相关,场独立运动员竞技水平发挥率更高;竞技水平发挥高组的运动员认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑更低,状态自信心更高;竞技水平发挥高组与认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑负相关,竞技水平发挥低组与认知状态焦虑负相关、与躯体状态焦虑正相关,两组运动员与状态自信心正相关;回归分析表明竞赛焦虑的三个维度均不能预测竞技水平发挥程度。 相似文献
8.
多维竞赛状态焦虑的影响因素及其与武术比赛成绩之间关系的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
采用ＣＳＡＩ－２问卷测试了３２２名参加全国或省际比赛运动员的赛前状态焦虑。结果发现：①运动项目类型是影响多维竞赛状态焦虑的一个重要变量；②性别与运动级别仅在某种程度上影响着运动员的多维竞赛状态焦虑；③文化程度不是影响赛前状态焦虑的因素；④认知特征显著的武术比赛成绩更多地受到认知状态焦虑的影响。建议对于认知特征显著的武术运动，教练员应该加强对运动员的认知心理训练 相似文献
9.
影响武术散打运动员赛前状态焦虑因素的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用心理测量问卷调查法、多因素方差分析、相关分析法、访谈法对参加2010年8月在陕西宝鸡举行散打冠军赛的120名运动员进行赛前状态焦虑分析。结果表明：（1）有大赛经验运动员在处理赛前状态焦虑方面要强于无大赛经验运动员。（2）武英级运动员认知焦虑与躯体焦虑均低于一级和二级运动员的这两项指标,并且状态自信心高于其它两个等级运动员的状态自信心。（3）武英级运动员与一级、二级运动员比较,在赛前状态焦虑的三个维度上均显示显著性差异;并且认知焦虑是影响武术散打比赛的一个主要焦虑。（4）赛前状态焦虑还与运动员的心理疲劳与运动损伤的影响因素、对手的水平差距、领导与教练员的影响因素等这些因素相关。 相似文献
10.
对乒乓球运动员竞赛状态焦虑及焦虑方向的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
赵世勇 《沈阳体育学院学报》2006,25(5):45-46,56
运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法和数理统计法等方法,对60名优秀乒乓球运动员及普通大学生乒乓球运动员竞赛状态焦虑及焦虑方向进行对比研究。研究结果表明:优秀乒乓球运动员与普通大学生乒乓球运动员在认知焦虑和躯体焦虑的强度分数上无差异;但与普通大学生乒乓球运动员相比,优秀乒乓球运动员认为这两种焦虑对其运动成绩的取得具有促进作用;两组运动员的自信心无差异。 相似文献
11.
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of achievement goal orientations and perceived motivational climate to perceptions of the intensity and direction of competitive state anxiety in a sample of university athletes representing various team sports. Although some studies have demonstrated that task orientation and mastery climate are associated with adaptive emotional patterns and ego orientation and performance climate are linked to less adaptive emotions, others have not verified these findings. In the present study, structural equation modeling was used to test these links. The results showed that perceptions of a performance climate were associated with ego orientation, whereas perceptions of a mastery climate were linked to task orientation. Furthermore, no significant links were found between task orientation and direction of competitive anxiety, while it was shown that the impact of ego orientation on the intensity and direction of cognitive and somatic anxiety was exerted through self-confidence. No significant direct links were found between motivational climates and competitive anxiety, thus implying that motivational climates may have an indirect impact on affective responses through the different goal orientations. The findings of the present study are discussed along with suggestions for examining situational and individual difference variables that may explain the relationships between intensity and direction of competitive anxiety and achievement goals and motivational climates. 相似文献
12.
为了解体育考试过程中,情景压力对个体情绪和考试成绩的影响,本文作者以337名大学生为研究对象,组织了为期两年的考试实验。实验结果表明:情景压力明显影响被试的测验焦虑;焦虑与技巧性较强或强度、运动量较大的体能型项目成绩相关,但相关的正负性因项目的特点不同而异;性格倾向与焦虑不相关;等等这些为教师如何指导学生正常发挥体育考试水平提供了参考性意见。 相似文献
13.
14.
The purpose of this study was to improve understanding of the link between self-presentational concerns and competitive anxiety. Specifically, we examined (a) associations among self-presentational concerns and competitive state anxiety dimensional symptom responses using the modified Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2; Martens, Vealey, & Burton, 1990) and (b) whether self-presentational concerns mediate trait-state anxiety relationships. In addressing these matters, we also examined the factor structure and composition of the Self-Presentation in Sport Questionnaire (SPSQ; Wilson & Eklund, 1998). Results showed that self-presentational concerns were positively associated with intensity and frequency dimensional symptoms and negatively associated with direction symptoms. Results also showed that self-presentational concerns demonstrated consistently higher associations with the cognitive component and the intensity symptom of the CSAI-2 state measures. Results showed no support for the notion that self-presentational concerns mediate the trait-state anxiety relationship. When examining the factor structure and composition of the SPSQ, the results from two independent athlete samples support the tenability of an abbreviated 21-item four-factor model. Thus the newly constituted scale is recommended for measuring self-presentational concerns in sport. 相似文献
15.
Michael J. Duncan Cheryl K.Y. Chan Neil D. Clarke Martin Cox Mike Smith 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(2):119-126
This study examined the effects of changes in physiological and psychological arousal on badminton short-serve performance in competitive and practice climates. Twenty competitive badminton players (10 males and 10 females) volunteered to participate in the study following ethics approval. After familiarisation, badminton short-serve performance was measured at rest, mid-way through and at the end of a badminton-specific exercise protocol in two conditions; competition vs. practice. Ratings of cognitive and somatic anxiety were assessed at three time points prior to badminton short-serve performance using the Mental Readiness Form 3. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed during the exercise protocol. Results indicated that better short-serve performance was evident in practice compared to competition (P?=?.034). RPE values were significantly higher in the competition condition compared to practice (P?=?.007). Cognitive anxiety intensity was significantly lower post-exercise in the practice condition compared to competition (P?=?.001). Cognitive anxiety direction showed greater debilitation post-exercise in the competition condition compared to practice (P?=?.01). Somatic anxiety intensity increased from pre-, to mid- to post-exercise (P?=?.001) irrespective of condition. This study suggests that badminton serve performance is negatively affected when physiological arousal, via badminton-specific exercise, and cognitive anxiety, via perceived competition, are high. 相似文献
16.
The aim of this study was to examine retrospective perceptions and causal beliefs about temporal experiences of competitive anxiety and related symptoms in the lead up to competition. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 9 elite performers to examine the interaction of intensity, frequency and direction of symptoms associated with competitive anxiety before competition. Data analysis identified six causal networks that supported theoretical predictions suggesting that intensity of cognitive anxiety symptoms remained relatively stable in the lead up to competition, whereas somatic anxiety peaked sharply at the onset of performance. Frequency of anxiety symptoms increased as the competition approached and changes in interpretation of anxiety symptoms were also reported, with self-confidence identified as a moderating variable. The findings highlight the dynamic properties of the stress response and emphasize the need to consider the idiosyncratic nature of the level, frequency and interpretation of performers' precompetitive experiences. 相似文献
17.
The aim of this study was to examine retrospective perceptions and causal beliefs about temporal experiences of competitive anxiety and related symptoms in the lead up to competition. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 9 elite performers to examine the interaction of intensity, frequency and direction of symptoms associated with competitive anxiety before competition. Data analysis identified six causal networks that supported theoretical predictions suggesting that intensity of cognitive anxiety symptoms remained relatively stable in the lead up to competition, whereas somatic anxiety peaked sharply at the onset of performance. Frequency of anxiety symptoms increased as the competition approached and changes in interpretation of anxiety symptoms were also reported, with self-confidence identified as a moderating variable. The findings highlight the dynamic properties of the stress response and emphasize the need to consider the idiosyncratic nature of the level, frequency and interpretation of performers' precompetitive experiences. 相似文献
18.
第26届奥运会中国女子足球队运动员赛前状态焦虑之研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究采用经过琼斯和斯万修订的 CSAI- 2量表对参加第 2 6届奥运会的中国女子足球运动员共 1 9人进行问卷调查。研究结果表明 :随着比赛时间的临近 ,赛前认知焦虑的强度增大、频率升高、认知焦虑方向有显著变化 ;赛前躯体焦虑的强度增大 ;但躯体焦虑的频率、自信心强度、频率以及对躯体焦虑的方向性解释均无显著性变化 ;将该队分为高、低两种运动水平 ,随着比赛时间的临近 ,运动员的焦虑强度和焦虑频率均未见显著性差异。焦虑的方向性解释也未见显著性差异 ,但在自信心频率上存在着时间和运动水平的交互作用 相似文献
19.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):209-221
Abstract In this study, we tested the matching hypothesis, which contends that administration of a cognitive or somatic anxiety intervention should be matched to a participant's dominant anxiety response. Sixty-one male soccer players (mean age 31.6 years, s=6.3) were assigned to one of four groups based on their responses to the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2, which was modified to include a directional scale. Interventions were randomly administered in a counterbalanced order 10 min before each performance trial on a soccer skill test. The dominantly cognitive anxious group (n=17), the dominantly somatic anxious group (n=17), and the non-anxious control intervention group (n=14) completed a baseline performance trial. The second and third trials were completed with random administration of brief cognitive and somatic interventions. The non-anxious control group (n=13) completed three trials with no intervention. A mixed-model, Group×Treatment multivariate analysis of variance indicated significant (P<0.05) changes in cognitive anxiety intensity and somatic anxiety intensity, but not in state anxiety direction (P>0.05), or performance time or accuracy (P>0.05). The present findings do not provide support for the matching hypothesis for state anxiety intensity and direction, or for performance. 相似文献
20.
运用CSAI-2问卷对上海市大学生运动员赛前焦虑和状态自信心的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
已修订出中国常模的CSAI-2问卷是信度和效度高的多维焦虑测量工具,它包括三个分量表:认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑和状态自信心。运用该问卷测查235名参加大学生运动会田径和篮球比赛的被试赛前焦虑反应和状态自信必,结果表明:(1)躯体状态焦虑的强度是区分田径和篮球项目类型良好的预测因子;(2)认知状态焦虑的强度是区分运动技能水平或临场技能发挥得好坏的良好预测因子;(3)竞赛焦虑反应和状态自信心的强度与被试主观上所认知到的任务难度密切有关。因此,为使运动员有适宜的竞赛焦虑反应和状态自信心,教练员除了不断提高运动员的技能水平之外,应当结合项目的要求加强对运动员的心理训练(尤其是认知训练),并注意在赛前激起他们符合任务特征的唤醒水平。 相似文献