共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
1.提高足球运动员的反应速度反应速度是指人体对各种信号刺激(声、光、触等)快速应答的能力。在足球项目中反应能力主要表现在运动员接受视觉信号作出技战术的能力。在足球比赛中接长传球、传定位球、争顶球时运动员首先必须对足球的落点、球速有个预先的判断,迅速准确的判断将帮助运动员把握战机,获得较好的进攻机会,这就需要运动员有较好的球感及较快的反应能力。在训练中应重视运动员神 相似文献
2.
3.
孙正绅 《沈阳体育学院学报》1995,(2)
本文运用三维测力平台与动态压力台等仪器，对大力踢出的足球力量进行了测试与研究，取得了国内不同训练水平足球运动员踢出的球的力量的算术平均值和最大力量值以及不同等级足球运动员踢出的球的力量的差异，从而为足球的教学、训练、科研提供一些参考数据。 相似文献
4.
本文通过对10场比赛录相中200名国外优秀足球运动员比赛活动的观察统计和分析,揭示了足球比赛活动的内在联系,反映了足球有球活动的整体特征。最后得出结论认为:有球动作是构成足球有球活动系统的基本要素;优秀足球运动员有球活动方式的结构特点是简洁与复杂、全面与重点的辩证统一;优秀足球运动员有球活动的方式具有明显的场区和位置特点。 相似文献
5.
本文采用临床检验中的电阻抗容积描记法，对２５例足球运动员和３０例正常男大学生进行了脑血流图检查。结果表明：①足球运动员双侧波形基本正常，部分运动员出现高位转折形和平顶形波，重搏波全部明显或存在，提示脑血管紧张度增高，血管弹性良好。②足球运动员双侧波幅较高，波差正常，表明搏动性血容量充足，上升时间延长，流入容积速度减小，这是脑血管紧张度增高使外周阻力增加所致。③足球运动员脑血流提示：顶头球对运动员的脑血管弹性和血供状况不会产生不良影响，运动员要避免长期精神紧张，加强顶头球的自我保护训练 相似文献
6.
球感是足球运动员必须具备的基本功之一,是控制球的基础,是技术水平获得高度发展的前提。足球运动员技术动作完成质量的高低很大程度上依赖其对球感的熟练程度。球感的正确形成和发展是一个长期的过程。本文对影响足球运动员球感发挥的若干因素,即感觉敏锐度、足球意识、注意力分配能力、自信心、情绪以及对比赛规律的认识和把握进行了分析论证,力求找到各因素内在的积极影响并提出针对性的训练方法,旨在为足球运动员的球感训练及选材提供参考依据。 相似文献
7.
足球运动员在比赛中的观察、判断、正确行动、协同配合与随机应变的能力,一般称为战术意识。战术意识的表现形式,反映在比赛中运动员有球与无球时的行动上。意识支配行动。足球运动员在比赛中的战术行动受战术意识的支配。衡量足球运动员的水平,主要不是用他速度多快,控制球技能多高等来衡量,这些仅仅是基础,而是以他运用这些技能于比赛中的能力来衡量。可见熟练的技术还必须具有完善的战术意识,只有用战术意识“武装”起来的技术才能在比赛中发挥作用。综上所述,足可窥见战术意识在足球比赛中的重要地位。现代足球的发展,全攻全守的打法,对意识又提出了更新更高的要 相似文献
8.
9.
有效的足球训练方法与手段，是足球比赛获胜的前提和保证。从实践出发，是一切训练必须遵循的基本原则。如何使运动员训练环境与气氛更接近比赛时的状态，使运动员在比赛中最大程度发挥训练水平，则需要足球教练员在长期训练过程中，努力使练习手段更接近于比赛，以期获得高质量训练效果。笔者多年从事足球教学训练，现将几种针对前锋队员行之有效的训练方法介绍给同行，供参考。１“凹凸足球墙”练习法：常规的借助平面足球墙进行射门及脚法练习，由于墙体为平面，足球反弹方向性明确，在完成连续踢墙练习时，队员对球的落点的判断与控制… 相似文献
10.
杨凯 《体育成人教育学刊》2002,(Z1)
足球技术的训练对于青少年足球运动员来说至关重要 ,应建立和提高运动员对足球的兴趣 ,培养良好的球感。教练员要加以引导和强化技术训练 ,才能迅速地提高足球运动员的技术水平。 相似文献
11.
This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
12.
Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
13.
Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
14.
许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
15.
采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
16.
17.
重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
18.
本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
19.
对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献