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电力工业改革在发电领域引入竞争,目的在于提高电力生产效率,促进电力工业的发展.发电企业竞价是一个不完全信息下的静态博弈问题,在深入分析不完全信息市场环境下发电企业竞价过程的基础上,运用博弈论中的暗标拍卖原理构建发电企业竞价的暗标拍卖贝叶斯博弈模型,并通过求解贝叶斯纳什均衡得出发电企业的最优竞价模型,从而为发电企业建立有效的竞价策略提供决策参考. 相似文献
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孙凤玉 《科技成果管理与研究》2016,(7):1-2
"博弈"是从棋弈、扑克和战争等带有竞赛、对抗和对策性质的问题中借用的术语,听上去有点玄奥,实际上具有重要的现实意义.我们生活在"博弈"的环境之中,周围每天都会发生各种各样的博弈事件.关于"博弈"的理论也应运而生,"博弈论"是运筹学的一个分支,它是研究个体如何在错综复杂的相互影响中得出均衡策略的一种理论. 相似文献
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分析了博弈论在情报学宏观领域和微观领域的应用,结合相关博弈理论构建了相应的博弈矩阵,并加以分析.通过对博弈论在情报学领域的应用研究,阐明了博弈论对情报学发展的重大意义. 相似文献
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在投标人对拟投标项目成本估计独立、不同分布的条件下,通过建立不公开保留价的建筑工程招标最低价中标招标机制博弈模型,得到了投标者的最优报价策略及博弈均衡存在的招标者最优保留价设置满足的条件,发现投标者的报价高于其成本估计,进一步得到了该招标机制的资源配置效率有关的结论:参与投标的人数越多,投标者报价溢出成本部分越少;成本越低的投标者期望支付越大.这对于现实建筑工程招标的政策建议为:设法让更多投标者参与竞标,能有效选择优势承建商,降低建设成本,增加社会福利. 相似文献
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博弈论对现代社会的作用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
博弈论主要研究策略选择问题，强调的是个人理性。纳什均衡在非合作博弈理论中起着核心的作用。博弈论对人类的最大贡献是博弈论的哲学思维方式推动了人类思维模的向前发展。 相似文献
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从博弈论角度分析了高校合作博弈的动态性,揭示了高校合作群体逐步壮大的原因;并从四种博弈类型入手,重点用海萨尼变换对高校合作的参与策略进行博弈分析,解释了高校合作参与机制中的收益问题。 相似文献
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电力体制改革后,电厂的报价决定了其自身在发电市场中可以占有的市场份额.本文重点论述基于博弈论的发电竞价方法,最大程度实现期望收益,以具体算例说明该竞价方法的优点要求的已知条件(市场电价的预测值及其方差)较少,符合电力市场运行的实际情况. 相似文献
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博弈论是一种“游戏理论”,它是一门以数学为基础的、研究对抗冲突中最优解决问题的学科。博弈论最重要的贡献在于它能够促进人类思维的发展,促进人类的相互了解和合作。博弈论是一种科研方法,在很多学科中被广泛地应用,尤其是一些理论模型的分析,在经济理论中应用更加广泛。本文通过博弈在研究决策主体的行为发生直接的相互作用时,行为主体的决策及这种决策的均衡问题,探讨博弈论在会计工作中的运用,讨论会计工作中的“纳什均衡”问题。一、博弈论的典型问题一个完整的博弈通常包括五个方面的内容:博弈的参加者、博弈信息、博弈方可选择的… 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献