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1.
产学研合作中的成功知识转移是提高我国企业自主创新能力的关键途径,以正式契约和信任为代表的合作治理机制是影响校企知识转移的重要因素。本文在已有研究基础上,构建了两种契约维度(契约协调和契约控制)、信任与两类知识转移(显性知识转移和隐性知识转移)关系的理论框架,并运用多案例研究方法对其探讨,从中归纳出相关的理论命题。研究结果表明,产学研合作中信任对隐性知识转移的正向影响大于对显性知识转移的正向影响;契约协调仅与显性知识转移存在正向关系,与隐性知识转移没有直接关联,而契约控制对显性知识和隐性知识转移均产生负面影响;企业的学习意愿和吸收能力对两种契约维度、信任与两类知识转移的关系具有调节效应;契约协调和信任的共同使用会增加校企知识转移,而契约控制和信任的共同使用会减少校企知识转移。这些结论为现有研究的矛盾观点提供了合理的解释。 相似文献
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《软科学》2018,(5):75-80
以团队发展理论和知识传递理论为基础,探究创新项目中个人绩效与团队产出的动态反馈关系及作用机制。采用系统动力学建模和仿真方法,构建了创新项目团队产出与个人绩效的反馈作用模型,结合创新项目中知识共享与传递原理,分析了项目目标完成度、人员、知识量的因果回路关系,应用Vensim PLE6.3对模型进行仿真模拟,验证了模型的有效性与应用价值。结果表明,知识共享与转移作为团队产出与成员绩效的桥梁构建的系统动力学模型能够较好地反映创新项目的团队发展规律;信任对团队产出和个人绩效均有正向反馈作用,且信任发展模式呈U型变化时创新项目具有更高的后发优势;公平感与团队产出和个人绩效呈正向反馈关系,且对团队产出的影响呈现一定的滞后性。 相似文献
3.
企业知识转移已成为企业重组其核心竞争力、稳定和拓展其竞争优势,进而实现企业转型、转变经济增长方式的突破口。为减少企业转型的知识转移过程中发生机会主义行为,针对企业转型的知识转移过程中信任关系的分类,通过剖析企业转型中知识转移信任机制特性,模拟出信任关系建立步骤的算法及信任度计算的公式,最终建立起信任机制模型,并从组织和个人两层面给出进行企业转型的知识转移过程中信任机制建设的建议。 相似文献
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以科技服务联盟知识转移为对象构建系统动力学模型,确定各因素对知识转移的影响,为政府、联盟及其成员提供决策支持的同时为科技服务联盟的发展建设提供参考依据。基于服务创新链视角分析科技服务联盟结构并建立知识转移过程概念模型,在此基础上,对知识转移影响因素进行细致梳理构建系统动力学模型,最后以黑龙江省科技服务联盟为例使用Vensim PLE进行仿真分析。结果表明:信息对称性、转移意愿、知识转移能力、吸收能力、平台建设质量及信任程度均正向影响知识转移,效果排名为知识转移能力与吸收能力、信息对称性与转移意愿、平台建设质量、信任程度;文化差异对知识转移呈负向影响,但不明显。 相似文献
6.
在职业教育校企合作中,知识场提供了知识转移的情境。它分为系统场、演练场、源发场和对话场四种类型。职业教育校企合作中的知识转移障碍主要出现在跨越组织边界的知识场,即演练场和对话场中。主动地创造与知识转移相适应的知识场以克服这些障碍,会对职业教育校企合作产生积极的作用。 相似文献
7.
校企合作是指企业、高等院校合作从事研究、开发、产业化等创新活动,不断进行知识传递、知识消化、知识转移、知识创新的非线性的复杂过程,本文基于组织学习理论分析了校企合作知识转移的过程,以及在跨组织知识共享过程中的影响因素,为企业和高校提供有效的合作管理和运作的理论依据。 相似文献
8.
作为知识转移和知识商业化“前哨”产学合作机构,其知识转移究竟是依赖于边界巡视者,还是取决于合作双方的信任和内部的一体化机制。通过对216家“产学合作机构”的知识转移绩效及其相关数据的收集,运用计量模型分析了边界巡视者、一体化机制、合作各方信任与知识转移之间的关系,并揭示了三者之间的内在联系机理。结果显示：一体化机制和边界巡视者均能显著影响合作体的知识转移,并且边界巡视者在一体化机制和知识转移间有明显的中介作用,但是,合作各方的信任只是一体化机制的前导变量,并不能直接影响合作机构的知识转移。研究结论为进一步研究“产学合作体”知识转移和知识商业化提供了新的视角,推进了在产业界和学术界合作背景下对知识转移相关理论和实践的理解。 相似文献
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创新网络破坏事件对个体与集体学习的影响 《科学学研究》2017,35(3):459-470
应用系统动力学的研究方法,构建合作创新网络破坏事件对个体集体学习影响的系统动力学模型,使用Vensim PLE软件进行系统仿真,并进行变量总体分析。主要研究结果显示,从长期来看,一定程度的破坏事件能够增加技术创新网络中的集体知识并最终提升组织绩效,但会持续减少技术创新网络中的个体知识。研究结论可以从更深层次揭示网络破坏事件对知识影响的内在规律,能够对企业网络化合作创新及知识转移提供理论指导。 相似文献
10.
知识创新量与储备量的多寡决定了企业创新能力的强弱,尤其需要高度重视。文章利用系统动力学方法,从社会资本视角出发,分析知识获取型跨国并购情境下,母子公司需求与意愿对母公司知识创新与储备的积极影响。研究发现：子公司知识转移意愿对关系资本与认知资本有较高的灵敏度,母公司知识需求意愿对结构资本有较高的灵敏度；子公司知识转移意愿积极影响母子公司间知识转移量,母公司知识需求意愿积极影响母公司知识吸收量。同时,知识转移总量与母公司知识吸收量的提升有助于母公司知识创新量与储备量的增加。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
13.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
15.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
16.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
17.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
18.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
19.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献