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美国以及其他西方国家对我国的技术出口管制一直是我国技术引进的重大障碍。中国和美国之间政治关系的变化奠定了美国对我技术管制政策的基调，而我国技术的发展是突破外国技术封锁的最有力武器。 相似文献
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针对高新技术实施严格的出口管制是发达国家普遍采用的用以维持技术领先优势、保持技术垄断地位的战略手段之一,这种管制会对被管制国的技术创新产生巨大冲击。本文选取A股上市企业面板数据,通过固定效应回归模型,围绕国外技术管制政策,对中国技术创新的影响展开研究。实证检验发现,在技术管制政策下,中国高新技术企业创新投入和产出均显著增加,但技术创新效率有所降低,且提高了技术创新成本;不同行业的高新技术企业受技术管制政策的影响并不一致,生物制药与新材料行业内企业的固有创新路径未发生较大改变,而电子、通信和计算机相关企业均加大了研发投入,创新效率明显降低。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]近年来美国等西方科技强国对我国科技企业加强了出口管制,给我国科技企业的发展制造困难,分析并借鉴DAP框架,有利于提升我国科技企业应对出口管制引发风险的能力。[方法/过程]介绍了兼顾即时行动与未来行动以应对不确定性情况的DAP框架,分析其决策流程,并结合实际案例,提出我国科技企业应对出口管制措施的分析方法。[结果/结论]研究表明,为应对美国等科技强国的出口管制举措,科技企业要重视并配合国家对出口管制相关法律的储备与持续优化,提高企业经营决策的相对稳定性,并关注情报界对国内外出口管制措施的研究与预测,充分利用情报机构提供的优质科技情报服务。 相似文献
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正"十三五规划纲要"是在创新发展为首的五大发展理念下完成的,未来必将把创新摆在国家发展全局的核心位置,深入实施创新驱动发展战略,促进大众创业、万众创新。但如何培育更多的自主创新产品,在主要产业的供应链上下好先手棋、打好主动仗方面仍然需要更多的应对战略。比如中兴通讯是国内自主创新的典范,2016年3月被美国商务部制裁,主要原因是违反美国出口管制制度向包括伊朗在内的受制裁国家再出口受管制产品,美国认为中兴通讯公司高管在了解美国的出口管制规定和政策风险的情况下仍然支持制定并组织实施相 相似文献
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[研究目的]拜登政府执政第一个任期过半,其对华政策以“竞争”为基调已基本明晰。出口管制是美国遏制我高技术发展的重要“武器”。持续对拜登政府技术出口管制政策动态跟踪,并加强执法趋势研判,提前做好应对意义重大。[研究方法]在定性研究的基础上,该文采用文本挖掘技术对美国2021—2022年涉华出口管制典型开源文本资料进行量化分析。[研究结论]研究表明,拜登政府未来将进一步强化对华传统竞争性战略技术领域的出口管制,并将其执法实践炮制到其他关键和新兴技术领域,且将动态调整其供应链联盟形式,以优化对华多边协同管控。在经济利益和国际影响的驱动下,拜登政府预计将实施更为精细化的出口管控措施,而在非“极限竞争”地带,两国存在合作的空间。基于此,本研究提出三条应对建议。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献