Vocational education and the binary higher education system in the Netherlands: higher education symbiosis or vocational education dichotomy?     

Maarten Matheus van Houten 《Journal of Vocational Education & Training》2018,70(1):130-147

The Netherlands has a binary higher education system in which academic education and higher professional education at EQF levels 5–8 co-exist. There is also secondary vocational education at EQF levels 1 up to 4. In this paper, I analyse policy documents resulting from the Bologna Process and argue that under neo-liberal conditions, higher professional education brings opportunities for both students and employers, but also creates a socio-economic tension in terms of employability. The gap between higher professional education and secondary vocational education adds to the formation of a labour market in which higher professional education graduates are prepared to an international labour market but employability pressure is being put on lower skilled employees, creating unequal employability opportunities for vocational education graduates.  相似文献   

新政时期军事改革及其失控     

房丽华 《安庆师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2006,25(1):29-32

新政时期军事改革,是清代军事史上的最后一次改革,编练新军,赋予军事武装力量体制的近代化,但新军与清政府相背离,加速了清政府的灭亡。  相似文献   

EFL teachers’ perceptions of English language policy at the elementary level in Taiwan     

Ya‐Chen Su 《Educational studies》2006,32(3):265-283

Due in large part to the trends towards economic globalization, English has become the most widely disseminated and ubiquitous international language. The purpose of the study was to investigate what Taiwan’s EFL teachers at the elementary level believe about the policy of English as a compulsory subject and how they perceive the benefits and obstacles of the policy’s implementation. Ten elementary English teachers in Tainan City and its suburban areas participated in this study. Data were collected through teachers’ interviews, classroom observation and document analysis. Results found that all ten teachers agreed with the policy for English as a compulsory subject at the elementary level. They observed both positive and negative sides of this top‐down policy. Classroom observation and interview data revealed that EFL teachers had to plan their English classes with the constraints on a large class of students with mixed levels of proficiency, limited teaching hours and resources. Parents’ expectations of and attitudes towards English learning also became an obstacle.  相似文献   

Educational Research for Policy and Practice in Japan – With Particular Reference to Youth Education     

Taro Numano  Yoshiyuki Nagata  Mariko Ichimi Abumiya 《Educational Research for Policy and Practice》2002,1(1-2):35-50

Based upon the Fundamental Law of Education, Japanese school education system has long been a source of pride for the country as a result of the high school participation rate, the homogeneity of compulsory education throughout the country. However, the confidence of the people in its schools is now showing severe signs of strain and fatigue. In recent years, there have been many reports about the growing seriousness of a number of educational problems having to do with young people in their childhood and adolescence. Since the mid-1970s, a number of problems have been highlighted. They include violent behavior, juvenile crimes, bullying, refusal to attend school, dropping out at secondary level of education, and corporal punishment. Against the above background, based on recommendations from such advisory bodies as the Central Council for Education and the National Commission on Education Reform, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) has adopted a range of policies and launched a series of educational reform programmes. For instance, what is called “Rainbow Plan”, based on the final report submitted by the National Commission on Education Reform, provides the country with basic guidelines for the educational reform in the near future. Roles of educational research for making policies have been of significance. Research initiated by the National Institute for Educational Policy Research (NIER) and the National Federation of Educational Policy Research Institutes (NFERI) is an example of contributions to the development of educational qualities in the country. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

苏联“新经济政策”终结的原因及启示——兼与李述森同志商榷     

王世涛  季开胜 《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2004,24(6):116-120

列宁在国内战争胜利后,自觉地把握住了经济文化落后国家如何建设社会主义这一根本问题,努力实现了党的思维方式的伟大转变,对新经济政策问题进行了可贵的实践探索和理论探索。但由于客观历史条件的限制,他只是提出了问题,尚未完全解决问题,历史要求其后继者沿着其思路走下去。斯大林在国内战争胜利后,却未能自觉适应党所解决问题的变化,仍以处理革命问题的思维方式来处理社会主义建设问题,使其得出的理论与新经济政策的实践形成了巨大的反差,于是便终结了它。这启示我们在社会主义建设过程中,必须把握好实践、理论与其思维方式的内在关联,自觉做到实践创新和理论创新的统一。  相似文献   

发展与稳定：考试政策行政功能分析     

鲁子问 《湖北招生考试》2006,(16)

考试作为一种测度、甄别、评价人的素质水平的社会活动,具有社会稳定功能。考试的社会稳定功能可能是积极的、有利于社会发展的；也可能不是积极的,不利于社会发展的。考试政策的社会稳定功能必须以社会发展功能为前提,应坚持为了发展的稳定,不能为了稳定而牺牲发展,这样才能实现考试政策行政功能的合理张力。  相似文献   

试析制约我国货币政策效果的几个因素     

陈曙 《宁波广播电视大学学报》2003,1(2):18-20

货币政策的实施效果受中央银行、商业银行、金融市场及企业和居民微观经济主体等诸因素的影响，从这些因素的分析中，可以探知近几年我国货币政策实施中的一些问题，并提出相应的政策建议。  相似文献   

汉初的豪强政策与地方豪族势力的发展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵沛 《廊坊师范学院学报》2001,17(2):96-98

汉初地方豪强势力得到一定规模的发展。这与汉初实行较为宽松和放任的豪强政策有密切的关系。西汉在武帝以前，社会的主要问题在于汉竽朝与诸侯王势力的对立，皇朝对地方势力基本上是无暇顾及的，迁豪政策是对豪族的打击与利用并重的，加之在经济上实行放任自由政策，与民生息，地方豪族在汉初得到了极大的发展，成为汉武时期重要的社会问题。  相似文献   

协商民主:未来中国基层民主发展的创新之路     

李娜君  荣浩 《四川职业技术学院学报》2006,16(4):9-11

协商民主,是20世纪90年代以来西方兴起的一种民主理论。在有中国特色的社会主义民主蓬勃发展过程中,民主形式在基层得到不断创新,也呈现出协商民主妁若干重要特征和发展趋势。本文主要是在明确中西方学界对协商民主含义解释的基础上,探讨中国基层民主发展中出现的协商民主,分析其在中国基层民主发展过程中的可行性,并指出协商民主的进一步推进需要构建治理型政策网络。  相似文献   

对政府采购制度的经济学思考     

杨志英 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2002,(3):6-8

政府采购是财政体制改革的重要举措，实行政府采购不是简单的利益再调整，也不是供给制，更不是控购。政府采购的作用是细化预算，节约支出，提高资金使用效率，抑制采购中的腐败现象等。我国的政府采购在试点中暴露出诸多问题，因而完善我国政府采购制度显得意义重大。  相似文献