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1.
特殊自然地物对城市住宅地价和房价的影响——以武汉市为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
揭示微观影响因素对城市住宅地价和房价的影响作用关系,是提高城市地价和房价预测水平,有效进行土地和房地产市场宏观调控的基础工作。本文采用地理加权回归模型(GWR)定量测度与分析特殊自然地物湖、江、山体对城市住宅地价和房价的影响及其空间分异特征,并尝试根据影响因素作用的差异解释住宅地价和房价空间分布特征形成的部分原因。结果表明:(1)住宅地价和房价与各自然地物之间呈现空间非平稳的影响作用关系;(2)湖对住宅地价和房价的平均边际价值分别为0.11元/m2、0.52元/m2,江均为0.15元/m2;在区域分布上,住宅地价和房价高值区受湖和江的影响更显著,面积较大的湖泊(如东湖)因受周边商服繁华程度、供给能力等因素影响对住宅地价和房价的作用存在各向异性;城市的山体或因坡度小、分布零散及周边特殊用地结构如黄鹤楼等保护性建筑限制了区域土地的商业开发,使其对住宅地价和房价影响作用不显著;(3)住宅地价与房价受湖影响的作用变化趋势并未呈现空间一致性,而是切合了区域住宅地价和房价的价格走势,且变化幅度与价格高低呈正相关;住宅地价和房价受江影响的边际作用力大小差别不大,空间上表现为梯度和圈层两种不同的变化趋势。 相似文献
2.
国内外城市地价时空演变研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
城市地价时空演变是研究随时间的推进,反映城市土地收益能力的地价在城市内部空间如何分布的问题,实质是二维地理空间、时间维、地价水平等元素综合构成的四维空间问题。文章在分析地价时空演变内涵的基础上,分别阐述国内外城市地价空间演变与时序变化的影响因素、研究方法、主要研究成果,并对国内外城市地价时空演变研究的技术方法、成果予以评论,指出现有研究成果对城市地价的时空演变分析还局限于不同时期地价的静态对比,未将地价空间变迁与时序变化紧密融合起来,没有真正体现城市地价的时空一体化演变过程。最后提出,选择合适的时空统计分析工具与方法,运用TemporalGIS技术,把影响城市地价时空演变的空间与非空间因素结合起来,探索城市地价在时空上的演变模型,进而监测城市地价时空变化动态。将是城市地价时空演变研究的主要趋势。 相似文献
3.
南京市地价空间结构的演变 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
城市地价是一个具有时空性质的多维概念,随着土地市场的日渐发育,地价成为土地市场运作的重要信息和价值判断标准,而城市基准地价的更新速度慢,不能及时、准确地反映城市的地价水平和地价动态分布规律。与此同时,城市地价动态监测点的地价信息能够分年度及时、准确的更新。因此,利用地价动态监测样点的地价信息,快速、及时的分析地价的空间结构特征、时空演变趋势成为当今土地管理中值得深入探讨的课题。本文以南京市主城区为研究区域,以住宅地价为研究对象,依托南京市地价动态监测和土地市场交易数据,在探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）和地统计学方法的支持下,建立了2001年-2004年南京市主城区住宅用地数字地价模型,从宏观层面上,研究了整个区域的住宅地价空间演化趋势,从中观层面上,选取典型地价剖面研究了住宅地价的时间演化趋势,以期及时、准确的掌握城市的地价水平和地价动态分布规律,为政府调节土地市场起到一定的借鉴作用。 相似文献
4.
城郊农业区土地利用变化及动因分析——以四川南充市高坪区为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据1885年、2004年的土地利用现状图、土地详查资料以及实地收集数据，在GIS技术支持下，利用数学模型分析了南充市高坪区近20年间土地利用变化及其动因。研究表明：20年来，研究区土地利用类型的面积变化为12 050hm2，占该区总土地面积的14.84%，主要表现为园地、城市工业用地和交通用地的增加和未利用地和耕地的减少；区域土地利用空间格局发生较大变化，斑块数目增加2 921个，斑块面积均有由大到小的变化趋势，土地利用类型多样性和破碎度增加，优势度降低；除园地、交通用地以外，其他土地类型都有分散分布的趋势；不同的土地利用类型重心在不同的方向上有不同的移动距离； 影响城郊农业区土地利用变化的因素主要是城市化和政策导向。 相似文献
5.
从渠系空间分布和土壤类型空间分布两个方面探讨灌区土地利用变化的驱动因素
，对于理解和揭示灌区土地利用变化的原因和机制具有积极意义。本研究以内蒙
古河套灌区为例，应用GIS的空间分析模块，利用1985与2000年2期土地利用数据
，通过计算不同土地利用类型距离渠系的平均距离以及不同土地利用类型在不同
土壤类型上所占面积百分比，分析了渠系及土壤类型的空间分布对灌区土地利用
格局变化的影响。在距离渠系较近处，由于长期灌溉，再加上灌排设施不配套，
地下水位逐渐抬高，导致盐碱地比重明显增加；在距离渠系较远处，受到水源与
水量的限制，主要表现为耕地比例的下降和荒草地比重的上升。土壤类型对土地
利用变化的影响主要表现为原本质量不高的土壤，经过长期的耕作等人为干扰，
又没有合理的保护措施，部分耕地逐渐退化为荒草地及盐碱地。 相似文献
6.
土地已经成为社会主义市场经济重要的宏观调控手段，价格杠杆调控是城市土地资源优化配置的重要组成。城市地价动态监测体系的建立，可及时掌握城市地价的变化动态，量化反映城市地价变化信息。以镇江市城市地价动态监测体系建立为例，在GIS支持下，探讨其建立方法，对地价区段的划分、地价监测点的选择、地价指数的编制等做了完善和细化。计算结果显示，镇江市商业用地地价指数自1998年到2002年，总趋势是稳中有升，各级升幅不等，以二级地地价升幅最大，为29%；六级地升幅最小，为7%。研究表明： ①地价监测点的选择和确定是该体系建立的关键步骤，合理运用城市土地定级和基准地价评估资料，是城市地价动态监测体系建立的前提； ②体系建设中，地理信息系统的使用，可以快速方便地进行检索、查询、图形显示以及数据管理； ③《城市地价动态监测体系技术规范》在技术准备、监测点设立、监测点资料整理等方面具有可操作性和合理性，但也存在问题值得讨论。 相似文献
7.
快速城市化背景下开放式交通系统对土地利用空间格局的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以深圳市为研究案例,利用遥感数据、土地利用数据和政府部门资料等多种数据源,引入缓冲区分析和空间叠加等GIS空间分析技术,从定性和定量角度开展了快速城市化背景下开放式交通系统对土地利用空间格局的影响作用。宏观分析结果表明：深圳城市发展过程中开发式交通系统对土地开发有着重要影响作用,交通线路是城市空间拓展的方向和骨架,在交通线路的带动下形成了西部、东部和中部等3条沿交通轴线的“带形”城镇空间密集区域。定量分析结果表明：开放式交通系统对其缓冲区内的土地利用变化有着较强的影响,沿线区域土地利用重新时空分布,土地利用空间格局特征发生较大变化。综合起来可以发现,深圳开放式交通线路对沿线土地利用的空间分布具有强烈的影响作用,沿线区域土地利用空间分布格局发生较大变化,建设用地大量增加并趋向近距离分布,耕地、园地和林地等大量减少并日渐趋向远距离分布。 相似文献
8.
根据重庆市标定地价空间组织研究,提出城镇标准地块空间配置的技术路线为：以城镇土地定级成果为基础,以标准地块特征为依据,揭示城市土地级差和房地产市场价格线性分布规律,建立标准地块线性分布计算模型。运用该模型编制的重庆市九龙坡区标准地块定量配置方案能很好地满足当地地价管理的需要。 相似文献
9.
《资源科学》2017,(2)
探析城镇化水平与城市地价空间分布关系,有助于推动城镇间合理化地价竞争、协调区域城镇化发展。研究讨论了湖北省80个县(市、区)商业、住宅和工业地价在武汉城市圈等经济体协同发展下的空间分布特征,并采用地理加权回归方法详细分析各类地价与城镇化率的空间作用关系。结果显示:湖北省县域商业和住宅地价的空间分布差异较大,呈微弱的集聚分布;工业地价空间分布差异相对较小,呈微弱的离散分布;各城市城镇化程度对地价的影响并未呈现一致的相关关系,而是表现出明显的空间差异,具体而言,城镇化对商业地价的正向作用表现为:鄂中地区鄂东地区鄂西地区;对住宅地价的影响作用表现为鄂东较鄂中地区敏感,且为正相关关系,而鄂西地区呈明显负相关;对工业地价的影响表现为正向关系,且鄂东地区鄂中地区鄂西地区。因此,在快速城镇化背景下的省域地价管理中,不仅应加强中心城镇地价与周边城镇地价的衔接,引导人口的集聚与分流,推进武汉城市圈、鄂西生态文化旅游圈等经济体的城镇化协同发展;而且应该注重地价在城镇化进程中的杠杆作用,结合鄂东、鄂中、鄂西地域差异,分用途实施精准调控,遏制不正当地价竞争。 相似文献
10.
房地产领域中房价与地价的空间分布格局应该具有一定的区域空间分布规律,在地理信息支持下对房价与地价进行研究将更加直观和准确。从区位角度来分析区位价值及地价对房价的影响,得出房价变化的趋势预测,为政府决策和科学研究提供参考。 相似文献
11.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
13.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
15.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
16.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
17.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
18.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
19.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
20.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献