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中国红树林最北缘引种区不同季节和树龄秋茄生理特征比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以中国红树林引种最北缘的乐清湾西门岛海域为研究地点,研究了夏季、冬季5年生、9年生、54年生秋茄植株的光合色素、抗氧化系统、蛋白水解酶等相关指标的变化.结果表明:(1)夏季秋茄叶绿素含量高于冬季,而丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸含量、叶绿素a/叶绿素b(Chla/Chlb)值以及内肽酶、羧肽酶活性均低于冬季;(2)不同树龄秋茄可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸含量及内肽酶、羧肽酶活性在夏季、冬季均随树龄增加而减少;(3)在夏季,叶绿素含量5年生、9年生显著高于54年生秋茄,而叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和MDA含量均随树龄增加而增加,过氧化物酶(POD)随树龄增加而减少;(4)在冬季,叶绿素、MDA含量随树龄增加而减少,而Chla/Chlb值和POD活性均随树龄增加而增加,此外,秋茄叶片SOD活性随树龄增加呈先降后升的趋势.综合以上分析,在夏季5年生、9年生秋茄生长旺盛,而54年生秋茄代谢稳定;在冬季5年生、9年生秋茄的生理反应对低温较54年生秋茄敏感,但通过自身的代谢有效调节,仍能正常越冬. 相似文献
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分别以金华磐安、宁波章水和江苏南通的5个浙贝母品种为材料,研究了不同产地和品种对内在生理生化特性(如苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性及叶绿素含量等)的影响。结果表明5个品种中狭叶贝母的各项酶活性和叶绿素含量最高;其他品种酶活性和叶绿素含量各有差异,且不同部位活性也各不相同。从不同产地来看,磐安、章水、南通的贝母在不同酶活性和叶绿素含量上各有差异,其中在PAL、CAT、POD的活性上,章水贝母均要高于金华和南通贝母,而从PPO的活性和叶绿素的含量来看,则是金华贝母要高于章水和南通贝母。 相似文献
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在大气主要污染物SO2、NOX作用下,绿色植物的生理生化指标会受到不同程度的影响。本文选择广西南宁市四个城市功能区——振宁花园、中华北湖路口、广西师范学院、青秀山公园,作为研究地点,采集各功能区共有常见植物红花羊蹄甲(Bauhinia variegate)进行取样分析,分析植物叶片中的叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性,对指标进行统计学分析,以此了解植物的生理生化指标与大气污染程度的相关性。研究表明,在四个功能区中,植物叶绿素的含量、可溶性蛋白的含量、POD活性、SOD活性均具有显著性的差异,其测定值分别在8.22mg/l～13.57mg/l,2.31mg/g～3.05mg/g、1.83 u/(g.min)～2.57 u/(g.min)、42.54 u/g～100.87u/g之间;与大气污染的相关系数分别为0.69、0.96、0.99、0.97。通过研究分析表明,红花羊蹄甲中的叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化物酶活性、超氧化物岐化酶活性与大气污染的程度具有一定的相关性,可以用于指示大气污染。 相似文献
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本文通过建立小白鼠耐力运动及一次力竭性游泳的疲劳模型来揭示红景天提取物对小鼠肝组织中的SOD活性、MDA含量的影响。结果显示:红景天提取物可提高训练小鼠肝脏过氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性和降低脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量。提示:红景天提取物是一种抗氧化、清除自由基效果比较明显的中药,这为开发无毒副作用的运动饮料提供科学的实验依据。 相似文献
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以海州湾常见优势藻种三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricormutum)、海链藻(Thalassiosira weissflogii)为受试藻,考察了水环境中草甘膦致毒胁迫对二种藻生理特性的影响;同时以超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量为指标,研究了这两种海洋微藻细胞内抗氧化系统对草甘膦胁迫的响应。低浓度的草甘膦(4.1 mg/L)对海链藻的生长促进作用显著,对三角褐指藻不显著;草甘膦可以降低这两种微藻叶绿素a的合成量,呈现质量浓度-剂量效应,且对三角褐指藻的毒性效应大于海链藻;草甘膦对这两种微藻的CAT活性、可溶性多糖含量和蛋白质含量均表现微弱抑制效应;低浓度草甘膦还可提高两种微藻的SOD活性和MDA含量。本文以提示农药污染对水环境的破坏,揭示海洋微藻类作为环境毒理学评价指标的潜在应用价值。 相似文献
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目的对比研究高碘地区和非高碘地区育龄妇女的甲状腺功能和血液抗氧化能力。方法测定高碘地区和非高碘地区育龄妇女甲状腺功能指标和血液抗氧化酶活性。结果高碘地区育龄妇女血中总甲状腺素(TT3)明显高于非高碘地区,而游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)明显低于非高碘地区。高碘地区育龄妇女血中TT3和FT3的异常率高于非高碘地区;高碘地区育龄妇女血中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物酶(SOD)的活性低于非高碘地区。结论高碘地区育龄妇女甲状腺激素水平异常的比率高于非高碘地区,从而有可能增加甲状腺疾病发生的风险;高碘地区育龄妇女血中GSH-Px和SOD的活性均低于非高碘地区,长期摄入高碘有可能使当地育龄妇女抗氧化损伤的能力降低,导致机体的氧化损伤。 相似文献
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对成熟后的龙葵鲜果及冻果中保护酶系进行测定分析,采用分光光度法测定了过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)的酶活力,进而对成熟后的龙葵鲜果及冻果中的生理生化指标的变化进行了研究,比较了鲜果与冻果抗氧化酶系的抗氧化能力的差别,从而更全面地研究了龙葵果实,为其他植物体内保护酶系的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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印度芥菜BjPCS1基因的表达提高烟草对重金属的抗性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在植物体内植物络合素(PC)可与重金属螯合,并进一步转运至液泡贮存,使细胞质的重金属浓度降低,从而达到解毒效果。PC不是基因的直接翻译产物,而是以谷胱甘肽(GSH) 为底物由植物络合素合酶催化而成。将来源于重金属超富集植物印度芥菜(Brassica juncea)的植物络合素合酶基因BjPCS1转入烟草,PCR和Northern结果表明,该基因已经整合到烟草基因组中,并在转录水平上表达。在3种重金属(200mmol/L CdCl2、400mmol/L ZnCl2、200mmo/L NiCl2)胁迫条件下,转基因烟草植株的脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛含量、相对电导率和叶绿素含量等指标均优于未转化的对照植株,表明转化BjPCS1基因提高了烟草对3种重金属的抗性,其中转基因烟草抗Cd能力最强,并且转基因烟草的T1代种子在Cd处理的情况下萌发状况明显优于对照。这些结果说明BjPCS1基因在利用基因工程改良植物抗重金属能力和净化环境污染方面,具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Mridula Mahajan Nitika Tiwari Ritu Sharma Sukhraj Kaur Neetirajan Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(1):51-54
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause damage to the DNA producing mutations and formation of tumours such as carcinoma of breast. Tumour cells are known to produce ROS at a greater pace than the non-transformed cells. The increased production of reactive oxygen species causes oxidative stress leading to cell proliferation and hence increased inflammatory conditions. The present study was aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Females suffering from breast cancer had significantly decreased Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in comparison to normal females. The compromised antioxidant defence system produces the oxidative stress which in turn creates the inflammatory response shown by concomitant increased adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in female patients. ADA diminishes the protective molecule adenosine. There were significant variations (p < 0.01) in ADA activity with different clinical stages (stage 1–4) of breast cancer suggesting thereby that estimation of ADA activity can be used as a diagnostic tool to detect the stage of cancer along with cytological studies. Mastectomy was performed and post-operatively serum SOD and ADA activity and plasma GSH levels were estimated. There was a statistically significant increase in activity of SOD and levels of GSH while serum ADA activity decreased significantly, suggesting thereby that oxidative stress is responsible for increased cell proliferation and hence the inflammatory conditions in CA breast that got ameliorated post-operatively. 相似文献
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M Maneesh H Jayalekshmi T Suma S Chatterjee A Chakrabarti T A Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):129-130
Evidence of increased oxidative stress in patients of osteoarthritis in comparison with healthy control subjects was investigated
by measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), vitamin C, reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activities
of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes. It was observed that osteoarthritis
patients were more susceptible to oxidative damage than controls as evident from increased TBARS and decreased ascorbic acid,
GSH, catalase and GPx in erythrocytes. Significant increase in SOD activity found in patients might be an adaptive response.
With the understanding of the role of antioxidants in arthritis, it is becoming increasingly clear that these agents seem
to be beneficial in osteoarthritis. 相似文献
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Krishna Mohan Surapneni V. S. Chandrasada Gopan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(1):41-44
The changes in the erythrocyte lipid peroxidation products (MDA), levels of glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid and plasma vitamin
E (non enzymatic antioxidant parameters) and activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase
(GPX), catalase in erythrocytes and plasma glutathione - S - transferase (GST) activity were estimated in patients with rheumatoid
arthritis. This work was undertaken to assess oxidative stress and anti oxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
It was observed that there was a significant increase in erythrocyte MDA levels, activities of SOD, GPX, plasma GST and a significant decrease in erythrocyte GSH, ascorbic acid, plasma vitamin E levels and catalse activity in
patients with rheumatoid arthritis when compared to controls. The results of our study suggests higher oxygen free radical
production, evidenced by increased MDA and decreased GSH, ascorbic acid, vitamin E and Catalase activity, support to the oxidative
stress in rheumatoid arthritis. The increased activities of antioxidant enzymes may be a compensatory regulation in response
to increased oxidative stress. 相似文献
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Raghunath R. Rai Madhavi S. Phadke 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):161-164
This study confirms the fact that in different respiratory disorders, the status of plasma oxidants and antioxidants shifts
from normal. The status of oxidants in plasma as represented by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased significantly in the
conditions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma. The two vitamin
antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E showed decreased levels than in controls. In patients with COPD the endogenous antioxidant
viz. reduced glutathione (GSH) estimated from whole blood was comparable to that of control group, whereas in patients with
emphysema, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma, GSH concentration was increased to that of control group. The activity of
enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly decreased in all study groups. Pulmonary function tests were found to
have no correlation with MDA and antioxidants 相似文献
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铅锌尾矿对环境污染的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
由于铅锌尾矿长期露天放置会对环境产生危害。通过原子吸收分光光度法、原子荧光分光光度法对不同酸静态浸泡后铅锌尾矿的浸出液测定得出,盐酸对金属离子浸出影响最大。细颗粒的尾矿更易浸出,浸出时间越长,浸出的金属含量反而降低。测定了尾矿堆附近的土壤,通过与背景值和标准对照,说明尾矿堆附近土壤已经被污染。 相似文献
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P Renuka Devi S Krishna Kumari C Kokilavani 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):143-147
The effect of the oral administration ofVitex negundo leaf extract on the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were studied in the adjuvant induced arthritic (AIA) rats
The levels of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPx, G6PD, GSH and Vit-C were estimated in various groups of the experimental
rats. It was observed that the antioxidant enzyme levels in the AIA were significantly low when compared to normal rats. A
significant decrease in enzymic antioxidant—SOD, CAT, GPx, G6PD and non-enzymic antioxidant—GSH, Vit-C were observed in the
liver of AIA rats compared to the normal rats. These results suggest that the leaf extract ofVitex negundo possesses antioxidant activity. 相似文献
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Herman Sunil D'Souza Geraldine Menezes T. Venkatesh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):154-160
Heavy metals are important toxicants known to exert adverse effects in humans and animals, given sufficient exposure and accumulation
in the body. This has a great concern both at personal and public health risk. Heavy metals are also known to interact with
the essential trace minerals at the level of absorption and also during the metabolism. The adverse effects of the absorbed
and accumulated heavy metals include neurological, reproductive, renal and hematological systems. Children are more sensitive
than adults to the effects of lead. Efforts are made to understand the mechanism of the interactions of heavy metals with
essential trace minerals at the level of absorption. With available sensitive and specific methodologies like Anodic Stripping
Voltammetry for the evaluation of the levels of toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury etc., better understanding
of heavy metal absorption is made possible.
Due to the poor nutritional standards, risk of heavy metal exposure is still a major concern in developing countries. Studies
carried out by the author have provided evidence towards the understanding of the prevailing mechanisms of metal-metal interaction
at the intestinal level. During growth and development the demand for the essential minerals being at higher level, differentiation
of various essential metals and heavy metals pose an inherent problem due to certain common properties shared by them. With
this approach to the problem of heavy metal toxicity, it is preventable not only with environmental intervention but also
by the nutritional management. 相似文献
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当前,工业场地土壤和地下水重金属污染日趋严重,对食品安全、饮用水安全、区域生态环境、人居环境健康、经济社会可持续发展甚至社会稳定构成严重威胁与挑战,亟需引起高度关注和重视。文章结合环境修复产业发展现状和国内外文献综述,以重金属地球化学行为特征为背景,深入阐述重金属污染土壤与地下水风险评估技术,并对相关修复技术原理、研究进展以及优缺点进行系统的梳理,以期为我国重金属污染场地修复技术产业的健康发展提供借鉴。 相似文献
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近年来,我国重金属污染日趋严重引起了人们广泛关注。本文概括了我国农田土壤重金属污染来源及特点,为我国农田重金属污染防治提供依据。 相似文献