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11.
叶晓东 《郧阳师范高等专科学校学报》2002,22(3):137-138
第二次世界大战初期 ,围绕西班牙参战问题 ,德西两国进行了多次交涉 ,但因双方的立足点都是本国的国家利益而无法达成一致 ,西班牙最终保持了“中立” . 相似文献
12.
西班牙环境教育的政策与实践探析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西班牙是西欧环境教育发展较有特色的一个国家，在近十几年里，在政府的直接干预下，西班牙确定了环境教育发展战略，并将环境教育纳入相关教育法规之中，确保中小学环境教育的有效实施。文章从政策入手，分析了西班牙中小学环境教育的课程开发与实施，并针对该国出现的问题分析其应对之策，从而有助于我国在环境教育实践中进行深入反思 相似文献
13.
文章主要评述了西班牙的初中综合科学课程的“科学观、课程的特点、课程的实施、课程的管理”等几个主要问题，由此较深入地了解西班牙的初中综合科学课程改革的现状，以期对我国现行的科学课程的改革有所启示。 相似文献
14.
西班牙与法国是较早在北美大陆进行殖民活动的国家。西班牙与法国在北美的殖民活动各具特点。这些特点，决定了两国在北美殖民活动中的失败命运，也决定了未来北美大陆的命运，为以后的新生美利坚合众国创造了条件和机会。两国在北美大陆的殖民争夺中失利的原因有两点相同：一是军事上几次与英国的交锋失败；二是两国在北美殖民地实行的政策不当，特别是宗教政策，降低了本国及他国人们移民其殖民地的兴趣，造成殖民地居民数量远不及英国，不能形成规模及建立强有力的殖民政府和军队，从而丧失了殖民地。 相似文献
15.
Dolores Morondo Taramundi 《Gender and education》2016,28(3):372-385
ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is to pose some questions concerning kairos and feminist activism. In recent years state feminism in Spain has been presented as a ‘success story’ of legislative victories and policy programmes regarding women’ equality and equal opportunities. Only two years ago, feminist movements in Spain showed unexpected vitality in forcing the government to withdraw the intended reform of the abortion law. However, relations between state feminism and feminist movements in Spain are weak and ambivalent, and feminism in Spain, as in other parts of Europe, is said to be in crisis. I refer to ideas elaborated by Antonio Gramsci in order to identify possible barriers to the formation of relationships between state feminism and feminist movements that could impact favourably upon possibilities of collective political subjectivity and social transformation. Education plays a two-fold role in this argument. In its formal manifestations, it is a component of the institutional feminism that this article critiques, and as a series of informal pedagogical networks, education is understood here as entangled in the different expressions of feminist activism and can thus contribute significantly to the development of feminist aims. 相似文献
16.
在过去的30年中，西班牙的高等教育经历了许多变化。在1983年，由于人们对私立大学的合法性的认可开始了高等教育的竞争状态。1998年以来，由于学生人数的减少以及人们对高等教育需求的下降，进一步推进了高等教育的改革。2001年，西班牙政府颁布了一项新制度以推动公立大学的市场化行为和私有化运行。尽管目前来评价这些变化的作用可能为时尚早，因为大学公共资金拨付制度仍保留不变，而这是今后需要调整的关键问题，这样才能为高等教育提供真正的竞争条件。虽然市场已经进入到西班牙高等教育领域中，但是公立大学源源不尽的公共资金将是阻止一个真正公平竞争的市场形成的一股巨大的力量。 相似文献
17.
张永辉 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(11):46-47
本文采用观察法、数理统计法和文献资料法以第29届奥运会中中国与西班牙男篮比赛为研究对象，把两队的中近距离投篮、3分投篮、罚球、投篮的命中率、篮板球、助攻等技术进行统计分析，发现中国队与世界强队的差距，为以后中国男篮运动员的训练提供参考依据。 相似文献
18.
钱伟 《内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2014,43(6):135-138
华语和西语同是全球母语使用人数最多和范围较广的两种语言,同样都存在着语言的域外变体。西班牙在维护域内外语言统一性和完整性方面采取了一系列的语言规范管理政策、措施,收效显著,经验丰富。相比较而言,中国在全球华语协调方面的工作还处于后发状态。因此,中国可以借鉴西班牙的一些现有的有效经验和成功方法,探索相应的协调海内外华语的有效对策。 相似文献
19.
María del Mar del Pozo Andrés 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(5):599-614
The progressive education movement was known in Spain from its very inception, and in fact many of its pedagogical theories and practices reached Spain before reaching other European countries. Yet traditional historiography has always maintained that Spain was never integrated in the progressive education movement, a misconception that helps explain the lack of research in the field. Recent historiographical research, however, has shown that numerous Spanish schools served as laboratories for the implementation of progressive education methods in the 1920s and 1930s. The Spanish educational system proved itself to be especially open to international innovation in general and Spain actually enjoyed a privileged position for the study of how innovative pedagogical ideas could be incorporated and appropriated. Proof of this affirmation can be found in the introduction and dissemination throughout Spain of the experimental public school movement of Hamburg known as Gemeinschaftsschulen.This article will focus on the way this movement was received in Spain. We will examine the phenomenon from a double perspective, corresponding to the different positions that scholars found themselves in within the educational panorama of the time. On the one hand we will examine the role of the “grass-roots” educators who wished to change schools “from below”, starting with classroom practices. On the other hand we will take a look at the representatives of “high pedagogy”, who were intent on formulating a pedagogical theory on which to base a political–ideological model that would serve to change the school “from above”. Tensions arising among the different pedagogical groups, along with the ambiguity of the translation into Spanish of the term Gemeinschaftsschulen, led to the different groups appropriating the concept in different ways. The evolution of the term Gemeinschaftsschulen, from its original identification with a localised school experiment in Hamburg to its becoming a symbol for virtually all European school vanguards, will be addressed at the conclusion of the article. 相似文献
20.
We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the ep index that equals the Ptop 1%/Ptop 10% ratio. By using the ep index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The ep index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk. 相似文献