共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
自行车运动员与普通受试者的血液流变性比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用实验方法对自行车运动员和普通受试者进行了测试。结果表明：自行车运动员的红细胞变形能力指数显著高于普通受试者。研究认为,某些血液流变性的改善是自行车运动员的特点之一。 相似文献
2.
目的：比较不同性别、不同训练水平的优秀中国式摔跤运动员的糖酵解代谢能力,探讨其无氧耐力的特征。方法：对27名优秀中国式摔跤运动员进行30s和60s的无氧功测试,记录相关功率指标及运动后的血乳酸。结果：（1）糖酵解代谢供能能力有明显性别差异,男子30s和60s的最大功率、相对最大功率、平均功率、相对平均功率和疲劳指数均明显高于女子,但男、女运动员的血乳酸无明显差异;（2）男子优秀组运动员30s和60s的最大功率和平均功率明显高于普通组,但优秀组和普通组间相对最大功率和相对平均功率无明显差异。女子优秀组30s和60s的最大功率显著高于普通组,但相对最大功率、平均功率、相对平均功率和疲劳指数无显著性差异;（3）与散打相比,中国式摔跤运动员表现出较强的无氧耐力,但与自行车、举重和体操项目相比其无氧耐力较差。结论：（1）优秀中国式摔跤运动员具有较强的无氧耐力,且男子明显高于女子;（2）不同水平男、女中国式摔跤运动员的无氧耐力具有明显差异,优秀组明显高于普通组;（3）结合血乳酸指标可以更客观地评价中国式摔跤运动员的无氧耐力;（4）30s和60s无氧功测试相结合可以更全面地反映中国式摔跤运动员的无氧耐力。 相似文献
3.
优秀短距离自行车运动员无氧代谢能力特征研究 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
目的:比较不同性别和训练水平运动员无氧能力的差异,探讨短距离自行车运动员高能磷酸原供能、糖酵解供能和混合无氧供能能力的特征。方法:对16名优秀短距离自行车运动员进行10s(女)、15s(男)、30s和60s的无氧功测定,测定运动后即刻、运动后3min恢复心率和血乳酸。结果:1)磷酸原代谢能力表现出明显的性别差异,男运动员最大功率、相对最大功率、平均功率、相对平均功率、最大圈数都明显高于女运动员;2)30s和60s两种测试中,运动员爆发力表现出相同水平,但糖酵解代谢持续供能能力随运动时间的延长而明显下降;3)男子优秀运动员组15s无氧功最大功率、平均功率明显高于普通组。男、女最大圈数大于普通组,达到最大圈数时间小于或等于普通组;4)男子优秀组运动员30s、60s平均功率高于普通运动员组。女子优秀运动员组30s、60s平均功率、最大圈数明显高于普通运动员组,60s最大功率明显高于普通运动员组(P<0.05)。结论:1)优秀短距离自行车运动员具有较强的磷酸原代谢能力,男运动员明显强于女运动员;2)较强的糖酵解代谢能力是短距离自行车运动员无氧代谢能力的特征;3)评定磷酸原系统能力时,男、女运动员都使用10s无氧功测试为好;4)不同水平运动员的无氧代谢能力表现出明显差异,优秀运动员组强于普通运动员组。 相似文献
4.
白建超 《山东体育学院学报》2008,24(7)
通过对男子散打运动员和普通男子大学生递增负荷运动过程中气体代谢与通气阈关系的实验研究，发现散打运动训练可有效改善血液的流变性，提高红细胞的变形性，降低红细胞的聚集性和血液的粘度，减小内环境变化对血液流变性造成的不良影响，且通气阈摄氧量与血液流变性密切相关，其相关关系与运动训练水平有关。 相似文献
5.
为了了解我国优秀青少年冰球运动员运动能力状况。对24名优秀青少年冰球运动员身体训练期的运动能力进行监控,测定其Yo-Yo间歇恢复测试（YIRT）指标及血乳酸、心率、最大摄氧量等运动能力指标,并探讨运用YIRT监控冰球运动员身体训练的可行性。结果表明：身体训练后青少年冰球运动员YIRT成绩和最大心率具有非常显著性提高（P〈0.01）,YIRT后的血乳酸具有显著性提高（P〈0.05）,最大摄氧量无差异（P〉0.05）。表明青少年运动员的速度和耐力能力有所提高,可以推断青少年冰球运动员身体训练供能是以糖酵解系统为主,有氧氧化系统为辅,磷酸原系统参与部分动作的模式。相关性检验结果显示YIRT与血乳酸具有一定相关性。建议应进行长期、阶段性的连续监控研究。 相似文献
6.
本以自行车男、女运动员（年龄，14—18岁，训练年限2—4年）为对象，对业余自行车运动员常用的放松方式（分为专项放松组和完全放松组）进行分析。通过一些生化指标，了解不同的放松活动对消除运动员运动后乳酸的效果，来为自行车项目业余训练的放松这一问题提供科学、合理、有效的理论依据。[第一段] 相似文献
7.
10 000m赛跑对血液流变性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对１００００ｍ赛跑后男性受试者的血液流变性进行了调查。结果表明：运动后血液流变性显著下降，血细胞压积、血浆粘度和红细胞聚集的增高等原因是运动员全血粘度升高的主要原因。建议以增强适应性训练和合理补充饮料的方法，阻止该项目运动员全血粘度的升高 相似文献
8.
优秀中国式摔跤运动员无氧代谢能力特征的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
目的:比较不同性别、不同训练水平优秀中国式摔跤运动员磷酸原、糖酵解和混合无氧供能能力的特征.方法:对27名优秀中国式摔跤运动员进行10 s、30 s和60 s无氧功测试,记录相关功率指标及运动后血乳酸.结果:磷酸原和糖酵解代谢供能能力有明显性别差异,男子10 s、30 s和60 s的最大功率、相对最大功率、平均功率、相对平均功率和疲劳指数均明显高于女子,但男、女运动员的血乳酸无明显差异;男子优秀组运动员10 s、30 s和60 s的最大功率和平均功率明显高于普通组,但优秀组和普通组间相对最大功率和相对平均功率无明显差异.女子优秀组10 s、30 s和60 s的最大功率显著高于普通组,但相对最大功率、平均功率、相对平均功率和疲劳指数无显著性差异;与散打相比,中国式摔跤运动员表现出较强的无氧代谢能力,但与自行车、举重和体操项目相比其无氧代谢能力较差.结论:优秀中国式摔跤运动员具有较强的无氧代谢能力,且男子明显高于女子;不同水平中国式摔跤运动员的无氧代谢能力具有明显差异,男、女优秀组分别明显高于普通组;结合中国跤运动员10 s、30 s和60 s无氧功相关指标,测定运动前、后的血乳酸变化,能更客观全面地反映优秀中国跤运动员的无氧代谢能力. 相似文献
9.
不同负荷运动后赛艇运动员血粘度变化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对21名男子划船运动员和大学生在赛艇测功仪上不同负荷后的血粘度变化进行了测定。结果表明,最大负荷运动短期内对血液流变性将产生不利影响。 相似文献
10.
1、自行车运动时乳酸产生机制
自行车运动时,乳酸生成的主要部位是骨骼肌。糖原或葡萄糖酵解生成丙酮酸和还原型辅酶I．丙酮酸和NADH在细胞质由乳酸脱氢酶催化生成乳酸（CH3·CHOH·COOH）,过程如下： 相似文献
11.
Maximal strength and power, muscle mass, endurance and serum hormones in weightlifters and road cyclists 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Izquierdo M Ibáñez J Häkkinen K Kraemer WJ Ruesta M Gorostiaga EM 《Journal of sports sciences》2004,22(5):465-478
Maximal strength, power, muscle cross-sectional area, maximal and submaximal cycling endurance characteristics and serum hormone concentrations of testosterone, free testosterone and cortisol were examined in three groups of men: weightlifters (n = 11), amateur road cyclists (n = 18) and age-matched controls (n = 12). Weightlifters showed 45-55% higher power values than road cyclists and controls, whereas the differences in maximal strength and muscle mass were only 15% and 20%, respectively. These differences were maintained when average power output was expressed relative to body mass or relative to muscle cross-sectional area. Road cyclists recorded 44% higher maximal workloads, whereas submaximal blood lactate concentration was 50-55% lower with increasing workload than in controls and weightlifters. In road cyclists, workloads associated with blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol.l-1 were 50-60% higher and occurred at a higher percentage of maximal workload than in weightlifters or controls. Basal serum total testosterone and free testosterone concentrations were lower in elite amateur cyclists than in age-matched weightlifters or untrained individuals. Significant negative correlations were noted between the individual values of maximal workload, workloads at 2 and 4 mmol.l-1 and the individual values of muscle power output (r = -0.37 to -0.49), as well as the individual basal values of serum total testosterone and free testosterone (r = -0.39 to -0.41). These results indicate that the specific status of the participants with respect to training, resistance or endurance is important for the magnitude of the neuromuscular, physiological and performance differences observed between weightlifters and road cyclists. The results suggest that, in cycling, long-term endurance training may interfere more with the development of muscle power than with the development of maximal strength, probably mediated by long-term cycling-related impairment in anabolic hormonal status. 相似文献
12.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):265-270
AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the relative and absolute reliability of second lactate turnpoint using fixed and individual blood lactate method in competitive cyclists. Twenty-eight male, well-trained cyclists (30.2 ± 10.1 years, 72.0 ± 7.4 kg, 177.3 ± 4.7 cm) were recruited to participate in this study. Cyclists completed two incremental cycling tests to exhaustion over a period of 7 days to determine their peak power output, maximal oxygen uptake, maximal heart rate, maximal blood lactate concentration and two lactate turnpoint criteria. The fixed blood concentration criterion (3.5 mM) and an individual criterion were assessed by a lactate-power curve, considering power output, heart rate and oxygen uptake. The main finding of this study was that both lactate turnpoint criteria showed identical low within-subject variation for power output (2.8% coefficient of variation). High values for test–retest correlations ranging from r = 0.70 to r = 0.94 were found for all variables in both threshold criteria. In conclusion, the individual and fixed method to determine the second lactate turnpoint showed similar high absolute and relative reliability in competitive cyclists. 相似文献
13.
Physiological correlates to off-road cycling performance 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Impellizzeri FM Rampinini E Sassi A Mognoni P Marcora S 《Journal of sports sciences》2005,23(1):41-47
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between maximal and submaximal tests for aerobic fitness and performance in an off-road cross-country circuit race. Thirteen competitive off-road male cyclists participated in the study. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), peak power output, and lactate thresholds corresponding to 1 mmol x l(-1) above baseline (lactate threshold) and to 4 mmol x l(-1) (onset of blood lactate accumulation) were measured during an incremental cycling test. Race time and final ranking within the same group of cyclists were determined during a cross-country off-road competition. All correlations between the measured parameters of aerobic fitness and off-road cycling performance were significant, particularly between race time and physiological parameters scaled to body mass0.79 (r = -0.68 to -0.94; P < 0.05) and between final ranking and physiological parameters expressed relative to body mass0.79 (r = -0.81 to - 0.96; P < 0.001). Moreover, there was a large difference (effect sizes = 1.12-1.70) in all measured parameters of aerobic fitness between the group of six cyclists with a race time above the median and the group of six cyclists with a race time below the median (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study provide empirical support to the widespread use of these maximal (VO2peak, peak power output) and submaximal (lactate thresholds) parameters of aerobic fitness in the physiological assessments of off-road cyclists. Furthermore, our results suggest body size should be taken into account when evaluating such athletes. 相似文献
14.
15.
Brandon A. Baiamonte Robert R. Kraemer Chelsea N. Chabreck Matthew L. Reynolds Kayla M. McCaleb Georgia L. Shaheen 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(18):1831-1837
Previous research has demonstrated significant decreases in pain perception in healthy individuals following both aerobic and upper body resistance exercise, but research on circuit training has been limited. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of a strenuous bout of dynamic circuit resistance exercise on pain threshold and pain tolerance in conjunction with changes in blood lactate levels, heart rate (HR), and perceived exertion. A sample of 24 college-age students participated in 2 sessions: (1) a maximal strength testing session and (2) a circuit training bout of exercise that consisted of 3 sets of 12 repetitions with a 1:1 work to rest ratio at 60% one-repetition maximum (1-RM) predicted from a three-repetition maximum (3-RM) for 9 exercises. Participants exhibited increases in pain tolerance, blood lactate levels, HR and perceived exertion following resistance exercise. Preference for exercise intensity was positively correlated with lactate post exercise and tolerance for exercise intensity was positively correlated with pain tolerance and lactate post exercise. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate increases in pain tolerance following a dynamic circuit resistance exercise protocol and disposition for exercise intensity may influence lactate and pain responses to circuit resistance exercise. 相似文献
16.
自行车运动员进行功率自行车3种递增负荷运动实验比较有氧耐力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:通过40名自行车专业运动员在功率自行车上进行3种递增负荷运动实验比较有氧耐力.方法:40名自行车运动员(男21,女19)在功率自行车上进行有氧力竭运动,分别采用3 min递增法、1 min递增法和线性递增法进行运动负荷递增,用Oxyam Pro运动心肺功能仪观察最大耗氧量(VO2max)、心率(HRmax)、呼吸商(RQ)等指标,运动前、后采集血乳酸(Lac).结果:3种递增负荷运动实验的VO2max、HRmax指标无显著性差异(P>0.05),3种实验的RQ、Lac指标差异无显著规律性.结论:自行车运动员进行功率自行车3种递增负荷运动实验比较有氧耐力没有统计学差异,3种递增负荷运动实验均可作为功率自行车进行有氧耐力测试的方法. 相似文献
17.
18.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the simultaneous use of pyridoxine-alpha-ketoglutarate (PAK) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on short-term maximal exercise capacity in eight well-trained male cyclists. The study consisted of the determination of maximal power output and the administration of various combinations of placebos, PAK and NaHCO3, followed by a short-term maximal exercise test. To determine maximal power output (power(max)), the subjects performed a continuous, incremental test on a Monark bicycle ergometer to symptom limited maximum (test 1). To determine the effects of NaHCO3 and PAK on short-term maximal exercise performance, the subjects were administered either placebo (PLA), PAK and sodium bicarbonate (P/B), PAK and placebo (PAK), or sodium bicarbonate and placebo (BIC) prior to performing short-term maximal exercise (test 2). Oral tablets of NaHCO3 and PAK were given in doses of 200 mg kg-1 and 50 mg kg-1 respectively. The subjects pedalled at the power output corresponding to 100% of their VO2 max at 70 rev min-1 until voluntary cessation or until they were unable to maintain pedal revolution rate. Venous blood samples were drawn at rest (RES), cessation of exercise (CES) and after 2 min of recovery (REC) and analysed for lactate, pH and bicarbonate ion concentration. The subjects attained an average maximum power output of 377 +/- 20 W during the graded maximal pre-test (test 1). There were no significant differences between treatments in the ability to sustain power(max) during test 2. During test 2, the subjects were able to sustain power(max) for 7.6 +/- 4.3 min with P/B, 6.7 +/- 2.9 min with PAK, 7.3 +/- 4.9 min with BIC and 6.9 +/- 2.7 min with placebo (mean +/- S.E.). Blood lactate (BLa) was significantly elevated at cessation of exercise and remained elevated during recovery, but there were no significant differences between treatments. Bicarbonate fell significantly during exercise and recovery in each treatment. At rest, bicarbonate levels were significantly higher in both the P/B and BIC than in the PAK or PLA treatments. Pooled data from the P/B and BIC treatments demonstrated a significant increase in pH at rest and end of exercise when compared to PLA treatment. These data suggest that sodium bicarbonate rather than PAK was responsible for this increase. In summary, our data suggest that in the dosages used in this study, administration of sodium bicarbonate or PAK, alone or in combination, is ineffective in increasing short-term maximal exercise capacity. 相似文献