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邹月辉 《武汉体育学院学报》2008,42(10):10
中国体育的国际角色定位是：国际事务规则制定的参与者、国际体坛公平的促进者、国际多元体育文化发展的推动者。根据这样的角色定位，我们应该从全面提高我国体育的综合实力入手，更加主动地承担更大的国际责任，积极参与国际事务的管理，加强国际体坛核心事务的介入程度，进一步推动国际体坛的公平、公正与协调发展，充分发挥一个负责任大国的国际作用。 相似文献
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体育纠纷司法介入之思考 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
体育纠纷的司法介入,它确切指司法机关为体育纠纷当事人提供司法救济,包括司法机关对体育民事、行政和刑事案件的处理。体育纠纷司法介入的思路:一方面,要为体育纠纷的司法救济提供权利基础;另一方面,要为司法救济提供程序基础和具体制度设计及机构设置。司法介入体育纠纷在我国具有现实需要和实际的可行性,应当通过立法和具体的制度设计及机构设置推动体育纠纷司法解决机制在我国的建立和完善。 相似文献
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当前,体育调解、仲裁等非诉讼手段构成了我国解决竞技体育纠纷的主要手段,无论是解决效力还是社会公信度都有一定缺陷,引入司法介入机制是规范竞技体育发展的必由之路。本文在分析司法介入必要性的基础上,探讨了完善司法介入机制的理论论纲,以期为我国竞技体育事业的规范性发展提供有益参考。 相似文献
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王显荣 《西安体育学院学报》2012,(6):665-670
我国司法介入竞技体育纠纷的理论障碍主要在于体育自治原则,德日特别权力关系理论给体育自治以理论支持,然而今天,特别权力关系理论已经势微,且对我国无任何影响,我国司法实践中许多曾经的自治堡垒已逐渐被司法攻破,在"举国体制"下,依靠体育自治来实现竞技体育纠纷公正解决,无疑是痴人说梦或掩耳盗铃,司法介入竞技体育纠纷方是该类纠纷的解决之道。 相似文献
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试论足球职业联赛的司法介入 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对足球职业联赛中的违法行为及其危害性进行分析,论述了司法介入足球职业联赛的必要必,司法机关在调查和处理联赛中的违法犯罪行为上的优越性。通过对我国现行的有关法律进行分析,论述了司法介入足球职业联赛的法律依据和介入程序问题。 相似文献
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从法律角度分析了我国职业足球裁判员在执法过程中收受贿赂的“违法”现象以及司法介入职业足球的法律依据和介入程序问题.表明我国现有法律包括世界多数国家对于竞技体育传统规制鞭长莫及,关键在于足球裁判身份特殊性,既非国家公务人员,又非公司、企业人员,只隶属国家足协的合同聘任工作人员,将受贿行为归属于商业贿赂有些欠妥,依我国现行法律,足球裁判员尚不能构成商业贿赂罪.当前相关法律不健全和滞后造成司法介入的困难,有必要加强法律修正,完善受贿罪的主体范围,司法介入才顺理成章. 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献